...Also, in the 1950s, independent production companies became prominent, and many stars were terminated from their contracts because they could no longer afford to pay high salaries to stars. In the 1960s, the era of the star was said to be over, and stars lost their power to support movies, as symbolized by the dismal failure of Star! (1968) starring Julie Andrews, who had gained a new type of star with a normal, domestic image due to the success of Mary Poppins (1964) and The Sound of Music (1965). Meanwhile, new movies were made that were successful without stars, such as The Graduate (1968) and 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), and in 1969, a top executive at Bank of America in California stated that stars no longer provided any guarantee of movie production. In the 1970s, a few stars, such as Barbra Streisand and Robert Redford, were said to be able to guarantee box office success, but films such as "American Graffiti" (1973), "The Exorcist" (1973), "Jaws" (1975), and "Star Wars" (1977) were record-breaking successes without stars, and a vice president of Boston First National Bank declared that it was not the stars that drew the audience. From Musical Movies...Among these, the exceptionally big hit "West Side Story" (1961) sparked a boom in large-scale film adaptations of Broadway musicals, but "Gypsy" (1962) starring Natalie Wood and "My Fair Lady" (1964) starring Audrey Hepburn were musical films that completely lacked the power and charm of the original stage versions, as they featured stars with no connection to singing or dancing, with the songs dubbed over by professional singers and the dancing performed by professional dancers. Among these, the 70mm film adaptation of the Broadway musical The Sound of Music (1965), starring Julie Andrews (1935-), who could sing and dance as herself, followed closely on from Mary Poppins (1964), and was such a record-breaking hit in the industry that it was nicknamed the "Sound of Money." However, rather than a musical film, it was more of a family-oriented "music film," and it did not contribute much to the musical film genre as it was originally intended, and it is said to have had a negative impact on Hollywood, which was unprepared for the future. Other blockbusters that tried to follow the success of The Sound of Music, such as Warner Brothers/Seven Arts' Camelot (1967), 20th Century Fox's The Wonderful Adventures of Doctor Dolittle (1967), Columbia's Funny Girl (1968), MGM's Goodbye to Mr. Chips (1969), and Paramount's The Painter's Wagon (1969), all failed and caused damage to their respective companies. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Andrews, J." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…また,50年代には独立製作会社の活躍が目だち,各社がスターに高給を支払う余裕がなくなり,多くのスターが契約を解除された。60年代になってスターの時代は終わったといわれ,《メリー・ポピンズ》(1964)や《サウンド・オブ・ミュージック》(1965)の成功で,日常的,家庭的なイメージをもった,新しいタイプのスターの地位についたジュリー・アンドリュース主演の《スター!》(1968)の無残な失敗に象徴されるように,スターが映画を支える力を失う一方で,《卒業》(1968)や《2001年宇宙の旅》(1968)のようなスターなしで成功する新しい映画がつくられ,69年,カリフォルニアのバンク・オブ・アメリカの最高幹部は,スターはもはや映画製作になんの保証もあたえないと声明するに至った。 70年代になって,バーブラ・ストライサンド,ロバート・レッドフォードなど数少ないスターが興行成績を保証するといわれたが,《アメリカン・グラフィティ》(1973),《エクソシスト》(1973),《ジョーズ》(1975),《スター・ウォーズ》(1977)などはスターなしで記録的に成功し,ボストン・ファースト・ナショナル・バンクの副社長は,観客をよびよせるのはスターではないと断言した。… 【ミュージカル映画】より…そのなかから,例外的に大ヒットした《ウェスト・サイド物語》(1961)が,ブロードウェー・ミュージカルの大型映画化ブームを呼ぶことになるが,ナタリー・ウッド主演の《ジプシー》(1962)やオードリー・ヘップバーン主演の《マイ・フェア・レディ》(1964)は,歌や踊りとは縁のないスターを起用して,歌はプロの歌手の歌をダビングし,踊りはプロのダンサーが代わって踊るという,ステージのオリジナルの迫力と魅力をまったく欠くミュージカル映画であった。そのなかでは,《メリー・ポピンズ》(1964)につづく,本格的に歌って踊れるジュリー・アンドリュースJulie Andrews(1935‐ )主演のブロードウェー・ミュージカルの70ミリ映画化《サウンド・オブ・ミュージック》(1965)が,業界で〈サウンド・オブ・マネー〉と呼ばれたほどの記録的ヒットを飛ばしたが,ミュージカル映画というよりは家族向きの〈音楽映画〉と呼ぶべき作品で,本来のミュージカル映画というジャンルに寄与するところは少なく,むしろ無策なハリウッドに悪影響を残したともいわれる。ワーナー・ブラザース=セブン・アーツの《キャメロット》(1967),20世紀フォックスの《ドリトル先生不思議な旅》(1967),コロムビアの《ファニー・ガール》(1968),MGMの《チップス先生さようなら》(1969),パラマウントの《ペンチャー・ワゴン》(1969)など,《サウンド・オブ・ミュージック》の成功に追随しようとした〈大作〉はいずれも失敗し,各社に損害を与えた。… ※「アンドリュース,J.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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