A general term for viruses transmitted by arthropods. It is not used in a taxonomic sense, but rather in an ecological sense. Mosquitoes are the main vectors, but ticks can also be vectors. Blood-sucking insects do not physically transport viruses, but rather multiply (multiply) them within their bodies and carry them. When sucking blood from vertebrates, they inject the virus, which then multiplies within the host (the organism that the virus parasitizes). Arthropods are intermediate hosts and do not themselves become ill. Typical examples include the Japanese encephalitis virus and the dengue virus. [Masami Soneda] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
節足動物arthropodによって媒介されるウイルスの総称。分類学的な意味で使われることはなく、生態的な意味での呼称である。カ(蚊)がおもな媒介者vectorであるが、ダニの場合もある。吸血性昆虫はウイルスを物理的に運搬するのではなく、体内にウイルスを増生(増殖)させ、保有する。脊椎(せきつい)動物を吸血する際、ウイルスを注入し、宿主(しゅくしゅ)(ウイルスの寄生対象となる生物)内での増生を図る。節足動物は中間寄主であって自己は発病することはない。代表的なものに日本脳炎ウイルスJapanese encephalitis virusやデングウイルスdengue virusがある。 [曽根田正己] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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