Located on a hill east of Granada, Spain, it was the royal palace of the Nasrid dynasty, the last Islamic regime in Spain. The name Alhambra is a corrupted Arabic word meaning "Red Castle". Most of the existing palaces were built during the reigns of Yusuf I (reigned 1333-54) and his son Muhammad V (reigned 1354-91). Although it is now a series of palaces, originally the part centered on the "Court of the Myrto (Court of the Lions)" and the part centered on the "Court of the Lions" were separate, independent palaces. There were other palace buildings, but only these two parts remain in their entirety. It represents the most flourishing form of Islamic monarchy culture in Spain, and the rich decoration of the colorful stucco work and glazed tiles that cover the walls of the various rooms shows the height of artificial beauty, and the courtyard (paseo) with its motifs of still water, flowers, and shrubs, or large and small water basins and open channels shows the essence of Islamic garden culture that creates a perfect harmony between gardens and architecture. In 1984, it was registered as a cultural heritage of the World Heritage Sites along with the Generalife Palace and the Albaicin district. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
スペイン,グラナダ東方の丘に建つ,スペインにおける最後のイスラム政権ナスル朝の王宮。アルハンブラは「赤い城」を意味するアラビア語が転訛したもの。現存する宮殿の大部分はユースフ1世 (在位 1333~54) とその子ムハンマド5世 (在位 1354~91) の治世に造営された。現在は一連の宮殿となっているが,本来は「天人花 (ミルト) の中庭」を中心とする部分と,「獅子の中庭」を中心とする部分とはそれぞれ別個の独立した宮殿であった。ほかにも宮殿の建物はあったが,完全な形で残っているのはこの2部分のみである。スペインにおけるイスラム王朝文化の最も爛熟したかたちを示しており,諸室の壁面を覆う多彩なスタッコ細工および彩釉タイルによる豊麗な装飾は人工美の極致を示し,また静水面と草花と低木,あるいは大小の水盤と明渠などをモチーフとした中庭 (パセオ) は,庭園と建築との完全な調和を創造するイスラム庭園文化の真髄を示している。 1984年ヘネラリーフェ離宮,アルバイシン地区とともに,世界遺産の文化遺産に登録。
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