A monovalent functional group with the properties of an aldehyde, represented by the chemical formula -CHO. An aldehyde group is a compound in which an aldehyde group is bonded to a hydrogen atom or the C of a hydrocarbon group. An aldehyde group has a hydrogen atom that is easily oxidized and is directly bonded to a carbonyl group. Because of this, in addition to the properties of a normal carbonyl group, it has reducing properties and shows the silver mirror reaction and Fehling's reduction reaction. CHO is also called the formyl group (C-formyl group) because it corresponds to the acyl group derived from formic acid. The N-formyl group, in which the formyl group is on the nitrogen atom, and the O-formyl group, in which the formyl group is on the oxygen atom, do not exhibit the characteristics of an aldehyde, so they are not usually called aldehyde groups; only the C-formyl group is called an aldehyde group. [Masahiro Hirota February 17, 2016] [Reference] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アルデヒドの特性をもつ1価の官能基で、-CHOの化学式で表される。アルデヒド基が水素原子または炭化水素基のCと結合した化合物がアルデヒドである。アルデヒド基は、直接カルボニル基に結合していて酸化されやすい水素原子をもっている。このために、通常のカルボニル基の性質のほかに、還元性をもっていて、銀鏡反応やフェーリング試薬の還元反応を示す。CHOは、ギ酸formic acidから誘導されるアシル基に相当するので、ホルミル基(C-ホルミル基)ともよばれる。 ホルミル基が窒素原子上にあるN-ホルミル基や、酸素原子上にあるO-ホルミル基は、アルデヒドの特性を示さないので、普通アルデヒド基とはよばず、C-ホルミル基だけをアルデヒド基という。 [廣田 穰 2016年2月17日] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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