Aries, P. - Aries

Japanese: アリエス,P. - ありえす
Aries, P. - Aries

...Recently, there have been frequent attempts to understand it more symbolically as ``the gaze toward the child,'' which indicates that the two are beginning to be thought of as functioning in a more integrated and unified manner.
[Discovery of Children]
Philippe Ariès (1914-84), a French historian, in his essays such as "The Child in the Family" (1948) and "The Birth of the Child" (1960), presented the process by which children and childhood were discovered through the "gaze" of the 17th century in Europe. Ariès wrote, "What was it yesterday? It was nothing. ...

From [Death]

...Looking at it this way, we can see that at least in medieval European "arts of salvation" and Japanese "sagas of the dead," there was a common interest in the theme of death.
[Three typical attitudes towards death]
According to Philippe Ariès's "Death and History," the Middle Ages in Europe was the time when "one's own death" was discovered. This work is a historical overview of human attitudes toward death, which he claims has eventually shifted to a "taboo attitude toward death" in modern times.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Aries, P." are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…最近はしばしば〈子どもへのまなざし〉という,より象徴的な把握が試みられているが,これは両者がより一体的・統合的に機能すると考えられ始めたことを示している。
[〈子ども〉の発見]
 フランスの歴史学者アリエスPhilippe Ariès(1914‐84)が,《家族の中の子どもL’enfant dans la famille》(1948),《子供の誕生L’enfant et la vie familiale sous l’Ancien Régime》(1960)などの論稿で提示したのは,子どもおよび子ども時代が,ヨーロッパ17世紀という時代の〈まなざし〉によって発見されていく過程であった。アリエスは〈昨日,それは何であったか? 無であった。…

【死】より

…こうしてみると,少なくともヨーロッパ中世の〈往生術〉と日本の〈往生伝〉においては,死というテーマについて共通の関心が寄せられていたことがわかる。
[死に対する態度の3典型]
 アリエスPhilippe Arièsの《死と歴史》によれば,ヨーロッパの中世こそは〈己の死〉が発見された時代であったという。この著作は死に対する人間の態度を歴史的に概観したものであるが,それはやがて現代にいたって,〈死をタブー視する〉態度へと転じたといっている。…

※「アリエス,P.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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