Arabic Pharmacology - Arabiayakugaku

…New pharmacies based on the Arabian model were opened all over Europe. In the 11th century, the successor of Pigmentarius, who had been dealing in medicinal herbs since the Greek and Roman era, formed the Guild of Apothecaries (later known as the Guild of Pharmacists), which was modeled after the artisan's guild. This became the home of Arabian pharmacy, which had developed through alchemy, and the masters provided thorough alchemy training to their apprentices. The pharmacists who came together in this guild prepared medicines according to the doctors' prescriptions, which had been newly incorporated into the prescriptions for medicines, and at the same time developed botanical taxonomy, and soon began to derive the "spirits of medicines" from plants whose taxonomic status had been established. …

*Some of the terminology referenced in "Arabic Pharmacology" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…ヨーロッパの各地にアラビアにならった新しい薬局が開設された。また11世紀にはギリシア･ローマ時代以来薬種を扱っていたピグメンタリウスの後継者が職人のギルトを模した〈調剤師同業組合〉(後の薬剤師同業組合)を結成し，錬金術によって発展したアラビア薬学の受け皿となり，親方による徒弟の徹底的錬金術教育が行われた。この同業組合に結集した薬剤師たちは，新たに医薬品の処方に組み込まれた医師の処方箋に従って調剤を行うと同時に植物分類学を発展させ，やがて分類学上の位置を確定した植物から，〈薬の精〉を導き出す仕事に手を染めた。…

※「アラビア薬学」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報