A general term for compounds in which the two hydrogen atoms of ammonia NH3 are replaced with divalent hydrocarbon groups, and are broadly divided into two types. (1) Cyclic secondary amines with the general formula (CH 2 ) n NH. Representative examples include ethyleneimine (aziridine), pyrrolidine, and piperidine. They are generally colorless liquids with a characteristic odor and are basic. They can be obtained by heating the hydrochloride of a chain diamine to cyclize it, or by reducing the corresponding heterocyclic compound or acid imide. (2) A compound in which the oxygen of the carbonyl group O is replaced by an imino group =NH. There are aldimines RCH=NH derived from aldehydes R-CHO, and ketoimines RR'C=NH derived from ketones RCOR', but these are generally unstable compounds. For example, aldimines are produced as intermediates in the reduction of nitriles, and ketoimines are produced as intermediates in the reaction of nitriles with Grignard reagents. [Manabu Yamamoto] [References] | | | | | | | | | |©Shogakukan "> Imine structural examples Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アンモニアNH3の水素2原子を2価の炭化水素基で置換した化合物の総称で2種に大別される。 (1)一般式(CH2)nNHで示される環状第二級アミン。代表例としてエチレンイミン(アジリジン)、ピロリジン、ピペリジンがあげられる。一般に特有のにおいをもつ無色の液体で、塩基性を示す。鎖状ジアミンの塩酸塩を加熱して環化させるか、対応する複素環式化合物や酸イミドを還元して得られる。 (2)カルボニル基Oの酸素をイミノ基=NHで置換した形の化合物。アルデヒドR-CHOから誘導されるアルドイミンRCH=NHと、ケトンRCOR'から誘導されるケトイミンRR'C=NHがあるが、一般に不安定な化合物である。たとえばニトリルの還元の中間体としてアルドイミンが、またニトリルとグリニャール試薬との反応の中間体としてケトイミンが生成する。 [山本 学] [参照項目] | | | | | | | | | |©Shogakukan"> イミンの構造例 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Semantics - Imiron (English spelling) semantics
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