Apollo 8 - Apollo 8 (English spelling)

Japanese: アポロ8号 - アポロはちごう（英語表記）Apollo 8

The first manned Apollo spacecraft was launched on December 21, 1968, by the US Saturn V 3 rocket. It was the first manned spacecraft in human history to successfully put three astronauts into orbit around the moon and return them to Earth. The crew consisted of Commander F. Bowman, Navy Colonel J. Lovell, and Air Force Lieutenant Commander W. Anders. The lunar lander was not yet completed, so the spacecraft did not load it on board, but instead headed for the moon in the service module and command module, and on December 24, it entered a lunar suborbital orbit. The initial orbit was an ellipse with a perilunar point of 111.9 km and an apolunar point of 312.8 km, and after 10 orbits around the moon, it landed on the water 1,600 km southwest of Hawaii on December 27. There were six television broadcasts along the way, and many photographs of the lunar surface were taken. The spacecraft also successfully flew through the Van Allen radiation belts and beyond, and re-entered the atmosphere.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

1968年 12月 21日，アメリカのサターンV型ロケット3号機で打上げられた初めての有人アポロ宇宙船。人類史上初めて3人の宇宙飛行士を月のまわりの軌道に乗せ，無事地球に戻すことに成功した。乗組員は船長 F.ボーマン空軍大佐，J.ラベル海軍大佐，W.アンダース空軍少佐。月着陸船はまだ完成していなかったので積まず，機械船と司令船で月に向い，12月 24日，月をめぐる孫衛星軌道に乗った。初期の軌道は楕円で近月点 111.9km，遠月点 312.8km，月を 10周したのち，12月 27日ハワイ西南 1600km沖に着水。途中6回のテレビ中継を行い，月面写真も多数撮影。バンアレン放射線帯やその外側の飛行，大気圏再突入にも成功した。

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