Interparliamentary Union (English spelling)

Japanese: 列国議会同盟 - れっこくぎかいどうめい（英語表記）Interparliamentary Union

Abbreviation: IPU. Also translated as International Parliamentary League or International Parliamentary Union. Founded in Paris in 1889 as the Inter-Parliamentary Conference for the Promotion of International Arbitration, proposed by British and French parliamentarians. In 1905, it was renamed the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Its headquarters are in Geneva. Membership is limited to parliamentary delegations from sovereign states. The Japanese parliamentary delegation rejoined in 1952 (before World War II, only the House of Representatives joined in 1908). In the past, the membership was centered on Europe and the United States, but with the addition of Asian and African countries such as India, as well as socialist countries, it has become a universal international organization. International parliaments based on treaties can become associate members (such as the Andean Parliament, the Latin American Parliament, and the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe). The Palestine National Council (parliament of the PLO) has had observer status since 1975. The IPU's objectives are international peace, the establishment of a global representative system, and cooperation with the United Nations. Its main organs are the Conference of the League (General Assembly), the Council, the Executive Committee, and the Secretariat. There is also a meeting of Secretary-Generals of National Parliaments and an International Parliamentary Documentation Centre. The General Assembly used to be held annually, but since 1984 it has been held twice a year. Each country has 10 votes in the General Assembly, and countries with a population of over one million have an additional vote of 1 to 13. Japan has 20 votes. The General Assembly decides by majority vote or a two-thirds majority.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

略称 IPU。国際議員連盟，国際議会同盟とも訳す。 1889年，イギリス，フランス両国議員の提唱で国際仲裁期成列国議員会議としてパリで発足した団体。 1905年に列国議会同盟と改称。本部はジュネーブに所在。加盟資格は主権国家の国会議員団に限られる。日本議員団は 52年に再加盟した (第2次世界大戦前は衆議院のみ 1908年に加盟) 。かつては欧米中心であったが，インドなどアジア・アフリカ諸国や，社会主義諸国の加盟により普遍的国際組織となった。条約に基づく国際議会は準メンバーになることができる (アンデス議会，ラテンアメリカ議会，ヨーロッパ審議会の諮問議会など) 。なお，パレスチナ民族評議会 (PLOの議会) は 75年からオブザーバーの地位にある。 IPUは国際平和，代議制度の世界的確立とともに国際連合との協力を目的に掲げ，同盟会議 (総会) ，評議員会，執行委員会および事務局を主要機関とする。各国議会事務総長会や国際議会文献センターもある。総会は年次開催であったが，84年から年2回開催となった。各国は総会で 10票をもち，人口 100万以上の国には1～13の追加票がある。日本は 20票。総会は過半数または3分の2の多数決で議決する。

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