"African Expedition"

Japanese: 《アフリカ遠征》 - あふりかえんせい
"African Expedition"

...Flaherty caught the attention of the major Hollywood company Paramount, with whom he made Moana, and was then asked to collaborate on two feature films, W. S. Van Dyke's White Shadow (1928) and F. W. Murnau's Taboo (1931). However, he was unable to come to terms with the commercialism of Hollywood, so he traveled to England, where he was given complete freedom by producer Michael Balcon, and made Man of Aran (1934), a film depicting the lives of humans struggling against the harsh elements on an isolated island in the Aran Islands in Northern Ireland. His achievements as a pioneer in the documentary genre led to him being called the ``father of the documentary.''
[Pre-World War II documentaries]
In the United States, in addition to Flaherty's works, the duo Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack, who would later produce the special effects monster film King Kong (1933), made films such as Above the Ground (1926), about nomadic Iranian people, Chang (1927), about rice farmers in Thailand, and African Expedition (1923), in which explorers Martin E. Johnson and his wife filmed the ecology of wild animals. Per Lorentz's The Plow Through the Plains (1936) and The River (1937) are also known as poetic documentaries in the style of Flaherty.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "African Expedition" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…フラハティはハリウッドのメジャー会社パラマウントに注目されて《モアナ》を撮り,つづいてW・S・バン・ダイク監督の《南海の白影》(1928)とF.W.ムルナウ監督の《タブウ》(1931)という2本の〈劇映画〉に協力させられるが,ハリウッドの商業主義と折り合いがつかず,イギリスに渡り,プロデューサーのマイケル・バルコンに完全な自由をあたえられて,北アイルランドのアラン諸島の孤島できびしい自然とたたかう人間の生活を描いた《アランMan of Aran》(1934)をつくり,ドキュメンタリーの先駆的開拓者としての業績によって,〈ドキュメンタリーの父〉と評されるに至った。
[第2次大戦前のドキュメンタリー]
 アメリカでは,フラハティの作品のほか,のちに特撮怪獣映画《キング・コング》(1933)を製作するメリアン・C.クーパーとアーネスト・B.シェードサックのコンビが,遊牧イラン民族を描いた《地上》(1926)やタイの稲作農民を描いた《チャング》(1927),探険家マーティン・E.ジョンソン夫妻が野獣の生態を撮影した《アフリカ遠征》(1923)などがつくられた。また,ペア・ロレンツの《平原を拓く鍬》(1936)と《河》(1937)はフラハティの流れをくむ詩情ゆたかなドキュメンタリーとして知られる。…

※「《アフリカ遠征》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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