…In contrast, lawyers, whose profession is representation, are considered to be officials of the court, and because of this subordinate position, they could not have their own guild and were positioned on the periphery of the gentry class. One example is the English attorney or solicitor, who today is almost on par with the barrister, but to achieve this position they have had to struggle since the end of the 19th century. As mentioned above, the duality or plurality of lawyers arose based on a particular medieval understanding of the representation system, and therefore lacks rationality from the perspective of modern law. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "attorney" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…これに対し,代理を職能とする弁護士は裁判所の職員とみなされ,そのような従属性のゆえに独自のギルドをもつことができず,紳士階級の周辺部分に位置することとなった。イギリスのアトーニーattorneyないしソリシターsolicitorがその一例であって,今日ではほぼバリスターと肩を並べる地位にいるが,そのためには19世紀末以来の悪戦苦闘を余儀なくされた。 既述のとおり,弁護士の二元性ないし多元性は,代理制度についての特殊中世的認識に基づいて発生したものであるから,近代法的視点からすれば合理性を欠いている。… ※「アトーニー」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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