Adelie penguin (English spelling) Pygoscelis adeliae; Adelie penguin

Japanese: アデリーペンギン（英語表記）Pygoscelis adeliae; Adelie penguin

A member of the family Penguinidae. It is 46-75cm tall. Its head and back are black. Its foreneck and abdomen are white, and there is a white ring around the eye. Its beak is dark red, but the base is covered with black feathers. It breeds on the coasts of Antarctica and on islands in the Antarctic Ocean. It lives in open-ice waters outside of the breeding season, returning to its breeding grounds in October and November to breed in large groups. It piles up pebbles and lays eggs in the depression in the center. Males and females take turns incubating the eggs for about 35 days, during which time they do not eat anything. During breeding, many chicks may die in severe weather. They raise their chicks and then leave for open-ice waters again in March. Birds breeding in the Ross Sea have been recorded as migrating an average of 13,000km farther. They mostly eat krill, but also prey on fish and squid. There are many unknowns about their life outside of the breeding season.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ペンギン目ペンギン科。背丈が 46～75cm。頭部と背面は黒い。前頸から腹部は白く，眼のまわりも環状に白い。嘴は暗赤色だが，基部は黒い羽毛に覆われている。南極大陸の沿岸や南極海の島嶼で繁殖する。繁殖期以外は開氷海域で生活し，10～11月に繁殖地へ戻り，大集団になって繁殖する。小石を積み上げ，その中央のくぼみに産卵する。雌雄交代で約 35日間抱卵するが，その間はなにも食べない。繁殖時には厳しい天候下で多くの雛が死ぬこともある。雛を育て，3月になると再び開氷海域へ去る。ロス海地域で繁殖する鳥の記録では，平均すると 1万3000kmも遠方へ移動する。オキアミ類を食べることが多いが，魚類やイカなども捕食する。非繁殖期の生活については不明な点も多い。

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