Piezoelectric effect

In ionic crystals, the phenomenon in which an external force generates positive and negative charges on the crystal surface (positive piezoelectric effect), and the phenomenon in which the application of a voltage causes the crystal to expand and contract (inverse piezoelectric effect). Of the 21 point groups that have no central symmetry, this phenomenon appears in crystals that belong to 20 of the 21 point groups, excluding point group 432. The positive piezoelectric effect was discovered in 1880 by P. Curie in his research using quartz. The inverse piezoelectric effect was also discovered later by Curie. Currently, these effects have been confirmed in a wide range of substances, from inorganic compounds such as quartz to polymeric materials, and many piezoelectric devices, including quartz oscillators, piezoelectric actuators, and transducers, are in practical use. [See alternative term] Piezoelectricity

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

イオン結晶において，外力によって結晶表面に正負の電荷を生じる現象(圧電正効果)および電圧印加により結晶が伸縮する現象(圧電逆効果)．中心対称性をもたない21種類の点群のうちで，点群432を除いた20種類の点群に帰属される結晶において表れる．圧電正効果は，1880年にP. Curie(キュリー)により，水晶を用いた研究で発見された．圧電逆効果も同じくCurieによってその後見いだされた．現在では，水晶に代表される無機化合物から高分子材料まで幅広い物質においてこれらの効果が確認され，水晶振動子，圧電アクチュエータ，トランスデューサをはじめ多くの圧電デバイスが実用化されている．[別用語参照]圧電気

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