In this synthesis method, acetoacetate esters are alkylated and then deacetylated to give substituted acetates, or decarboxylated to give substituted acetones. Acetoacetate esters have an active methylene group sandwiched between two carbonyl groups, so they are easily alkylated. Deacetylation (acid decomposition) uses an alkoxide, and decarboxylation (ketone decomposition) can be carried out with either an acid or a base after removing the ester. A useful method for decarboxylation is to use lithium chloride in an aprotic solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide. The reaction is basically the same as in the synthesis of malonic esters. Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition |
アセト酢酸エステルをアルキル化したのち,脱アセチル化すれば置換酢酸エステルが,脱炭酸すれば置換アセトンが得られる合成法.アセト酢酸エステルは,2個のカルボニル基にはさまれた活性メチレン基をもつので,容易にアルキル化される.脱アセチル化(酸分解)はアルコキシドを用い,脱炭酸(ケトン分解)はエステルを除去したのち,酸・塩基いずれによっても行える.脱炭酸はジメチルスルホキシドなどの非プロトン性溶媒中で塩化リチウムなどを用いる方法が有用である.反応はマロン酸エステル合成と基本的に同じである. 出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報 |
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