...The concept of centralization and decentralization has often been operationalized and used in bureaucracy research, which started from M. Weber's theory of bureaucracy and has been developed mainly by sociologists. In the Aston study by a group of researchers at Aston University in the UK, "centralization" was defined as the degree to which decision-making authority is concentrated in the upper echelons, while in the Hague-Aiken study, it was considered to be a dimension that indicates the distribution of power among social positions. In any case, it can be said that a consensus has been reached among researchers that the concept of centralization and decentralization is a key concept for describing organizational structure, along with "formalization" and "complexity." ... *Some of the terminology used in the "Aston Research" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…このような集権・分権という概念は,M.ウェーバーの官僚制論から出発し,おもに社会学者によって展開されてきた官僚制研究により,しばしば操作化されて使用されてきている。イギリスのアストン大学の研究者グループによるアストン研究では,〈集権化〉は決定権限が上位の階層に集中される程度と定義され,ヘイグ=エイケンの研究では,社会的地位間への権力の分布を示す次元であるととらえられた。いずれにせよ,集権・分権という概念は,組織構造を記述するために,〈公式化〉〈複雑性〉とならんで,主要な概念であるという合意が,研究者の間でほぼ達成されつつあるといえる。… ※「アストン研究」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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