Passerine, family Shrike. Total length 20cm. There are four subspecies, two of which are found in Japan. The Japanese subspecies, the Japanese red-necked shrike L. c. superciliosus , has a reddish-brown head, neck, back and tail, a white underside and slightly yellowish-brown sides. The forehead is white and connects to a white eyebrow. Both sexes have a prominent black eye stripe, a black bill and a hook-shaped tip. Some subspecies have a grayish back and a yellowish-brown white part. Breeding grounds range from Siberia to the Kamchatka Peninsula in the east, and south to Mongolia, East Asia and southern China. It is a migratory bird, wintering in India, the Indochina Peninsula, southern China and Southeast Asia. Breeding grounds are diverse, ranging from the taiga to forest edges, sparse forests and semi-deserts with thick shrubs. They mainly eat insects, but also small birds and lizards, and like the shrike, they impale their prey on tree thorns as "hayanie" (early sacrifices). They perch on branches to search for prey on the ground, then fly low to catch them. They migrate to Japan as summer birds and live in open forests, sparsely populated grasslands, and forest edges. Another subspecies, the Japanese bush shrike L. c. lucionensis , is a resident bird in the Tokara Islands and a winter bird in the Amami Islands and Ryukyu Islands. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
スズメ目モズ科。全長 20cm。4亜種があり,日本には 2亜種が分布する。日本の亜種アカモズ L. c. superciliosus は頭上,後頸,背面,尾は赤褐色で,腹部は白く,脇はやや黄褐色みを帯びる。額は白く,白色の眉斑につながる。雌雄ともによく目立つ黒い過眼線があり,嘴が黒く,上嘴の先はかぎ状になる。亜種のなかには背面が灰色がかったものや,白色部が黄褐色がかったものもある。繁殖地はシベリアから東はカムチャツカ半島,南はモンゴル,東アジア,中国南部に及ぶ。渡り鳥で,インドからインドシナ半島,中国南部,東南アジアで越冬する。繁殖地はタイガから林縁,疎林,低木の茂る半砂漠まで多様である。おもに昆虫食だが,獲物には小鳥やトカゲなども含まれ,モズ同様に捕えた獲物を木のとげなどに突き刺して「はやにえ(早贄)」にする。枝に留まって地面にいる獲物を探し,低空飛翔で接近して捕える。日本には夏鳥として渡来し,開けた林や木のまばらな草原,林縁などに生息する。なお,もう 1亜種のシマアカモズ L. c. lucionensis は吐噶喇列島では留鳥,奄美群島から琉球諸島では冬鳥として生息する。
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