The obligations of the tenant farmer are to pay rent, use the land appropriately, maintain the fertility of the land, maintain and repair buildings and other facilities, and provide convenience to the next tenant farmer when the tenant vacates the land. At the same time, the obligations of the landowner are to compensate the tenant farmer for the "remaining value" of the land improvement investment (so-called tenant right) or to compensate for "beneficial expenses", etc. However, looking at history, there are many examples of poor lease conditions that differ from the "fixed-term lease" of agricultural capitalists, such as the "tenant at will" and "yearly tenancy" in England, the "half-and-half tenancy" in France and Italy, and even tenant farmers in Ireland and Japan. In addition, when it comes to "tenant farmer," it is usually distinguished from the "owning farmer" of feudal society, but feudal land-holding farmers are sometimes called tenant, tenancier, etc. *Some explanations of terms that mention "yearly tenancy" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…借地農の義務として地代(借地料)の支払い,適正な土地利用,土地の肥沃度の維持,建物その他の維持・修繕,借地明渡しの際における次期借地農への便宜提供等が規定され,同時に地主の義務として,たとえば借地農の土地改良投資の〈残された価値〉の補償(いわゆるテナント・ライト)ないし〈有益費〉補償その他が規定されることになる。しかし歴史的にみれば,イギリスの〈任意借地tenant at will〉や〈年ぎめの借地yearly tenancy〉,フランスやイタリア等の〈折半小作〉,さらにはアイルランドや日本の小作農のように,農業資本家の〈定期借地〉とは異なる借地条件の劣悪な例も多くみられる。なお,〈借地農〉という場合,封建社会の〈保有農〉と区別されるのが普通であるが,封建的土地保有農民をもtenant,tenancier等々という場合もある。… ※「yearly tenancy」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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