A phenomenon in which useful elements are concentrated in rocks. When mineralization occurs on a large scale, an ore deposit is formed. There are various mechanisms of mineralization, but it occurs when ore fluids containing useful elements move through rocks and precipitate minerals containing useful metals in the rock. The conditions under which mineralization can occur vary depending on the type of ore fluid, but it can be induced by changes in physical or chemical conditions such as a decrease in the ore fluid's temperature, changes in redox conditions, or changes in acidity (pH), or when the ore fluid encounters a substance that combines with the useful metals in the ore fluid and precipitates the useful metals. [Toshimichi Iiyama] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
岩石中に有用元素の濃集した部分が形成される現象。鉱化作用が大規模におこれば鉱床が形成される。鉱化作用の機構にはいろいろなものが存在するが、有用元素を含む鉱液が岩石中を移動してきて、岩石中に有用金属を含む鉱物を沈殿させることによっておこる。鉱液の種類によって、鉱化作用がおこりうる条件は異なるが、鉱液の温度の低下、酸化還元条件の変化、酸塩基度(pH)の変化などの物理・化学的条件の変化によって誘起される場合と、鉱液が、鉱液中の有用金属と化合して、有用金属を沈殿させるような物質に遭遇して誘起される場合とがある。 [飯山敏道] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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