...One of these is that Johannes Weiss's (1863-1914) Sermon on the Kingdom of God (1892) and A. Schweitzer's Thorough Eschatology (History of the Study of the Life of Jesus, 1906), which is a more thorough version of Weiss's work, clarified the eschatological transcendence of Jesus' sermon on the Kingdom of God in the context of the historical understanding of contemporary Jewish apocalyptic literature and the anticipation of the end of the world. Furthermore, William Wrede's (1859-1906) groundbreaking work The Secret of the Messiah in the Gospels (1901) revealed that the Gospel of Mark itself is permeated as a whole with a certain theological idea, i.e., the secret of the Messiah, and therefore cannot be used as a basic source for the historical reconstruction of the life of Jesus. Later, in the 1920s, the method of stylistic research was established, which showed that most of the ancient oral traditions on which the Gospels are based did not originally convey the historical facts of Jesus, but were inseparably linked to the resurrection beliefs of early religious communities that were established after his death. From the Religious History School…an academic movement and circle started by a group of German Protestant theologians at the end of the 1880s, who attempted to elucidate ancient Christianity using the method of religious history. Representatives, in order of seniority, were A. Eichhorn, W. Wrede, R. Reitzenstein, Gunkel, W. Bousset, and Troeltsch. They applied the method of religious history, which seeks to grasp the living development of religion from an inner sympathy with religion, to primitive Christianity in particular, and attempted to investigate philologically how the religiosity as spiritual and inner piety underlying its rituals and ideas is connected to the surrounding world religions. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Wrede, W." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…その一つは,ワイスJohannes Weiss(1863‐1914)の《神の国についてのイエスの説教》(1892),およびワイスをより徹底させたA.シュワイツァーの〈徹底的終末論〉(《イエス伝研究史》1906)によって,イエスの〈神の国〉の説教の持つ終末論的超越性が同時代のユダヤ教黙示文学の歴史理解と終末待望の背景から明らかにされたことである。さらには,《マルコによる福音書》自体が全体として一定の神学的理念=〈メシアの秘密〉によって貫かれており,イエス伝の史的再構成のための基礎史料とはなりえないことが,ウレーデWilliam Wrede(1859‐1906)の画期的著作《福音書におけるメシアの秘密》(1901)によって明らかにされた。 その後1920年代に確立された様式史的研究方法は,福音書が素材としている古くからの口頭伝承の大部分が元来イエスの史実を伝えるものではなく,彼の死後成立した原始教団の復活信仰と分かちがたく結合していることを示した。… 【宗教史学派】より…1880年代の終りに,古代キリスト教を宗教史的方法によって解明しようとしてドイツの一群のプロテスタント神学者が始めた学問的運動とそのサークル。代表者は年長順に,アイヒホルンA.Eichhorn,ウレーデW.Wrede,ライツェンシュタインR.Reitzenstein,グンケル,ブセット(ブーセ)W.Bousset,トレルチなど。彼らは宗教への内的共感から宗教の生きた発展の姿をとらえようとする宗教史的方法をとくに原始キリスト教に適用し,その祭儀や思想の奥にある霊的・内的敬虔としての宗教性が周辺の世界の宗教に連なることを文献学的に究明しようとした。… ※「Wrede,W.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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