Gauss, Carl Friedrich

Japanese: ガウス（英語表記）Gauss， Carl Friedrich

Born: April 30, 1777 in Braunschweig
[Died] February 23, 1855. Göttingen. German mathematician. A scholar who is considered to be on a par with Archimedes and Isaac Newton, he is also said to be the founder of modern mathematics. From an early age, he showed exceptional talent in mathematics and classical languages, and continued his studies under the patronage of the Duke of Brunswick. He studied at the University of Göttingen from 1795 to 1798. In 1807, he became director of the observatory and professor of mathematics at the university. From 1793 to 1794, he worked on various problems in number theory, discovering the least squares method in 1794, and in 1801, he published "Discourses on the Theory of Numbers," which is said to be Gauss's greatest achievement, and in the same year, he used the least squares method to calculate the orbit of the dwarf planet Ceres, rediscovering it. In addition to mathematics and astronomy, he made achievements in many fields, including physics and geodesy.

Gauss
Gauss, Clarence Edward

Born January 12, 1887 in Washington, DC, USA
[Died] April 1960.
American diplomat. Joined the State Department in 1906 and worked at the Shanghai Consulate in 1907. He subsequently served as consul or consul general in Shanghai, Tianjin, Xiamen, Jinan, and Mukden. After serving as an adviser to the Beijing legation, he served as consul general in Shanghai and minister to Australia, before becoming ambassador to China in February 1941. During World War II, he was initially sympathetic to the Nationalist government, but later became critical, and advocated domestic reform and national unity. In November 1944, he resigned as ambassador, dissatisfied with the dismissal of General J. Stilwell. He retired from the State Department in 1945.

Gauss
gauss

The CGS electromagnetic or gauss unit of magnetic flux density. Its symbol is G. It is related to the MKSA or SI unit tesla (T) in the formula: 1 G = 10 ^-4 T. The unit is named after the CF gauss.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1777.4.30. ブラウンシュワイク
[没]1855.2.23. ゲッティンゲン
ドイツの数学者。アルキメデス，アイザック・ニュートンと並び称される学者で，近代数学の創始者ともいわれている。幼少の頃から数学と古典語にぬきんでた才能を示し，ブラウンシュワイク公の保護のもとに勉強を続けた。 1795～98年ゲッティンゲン大学に学ぶ。 1807年ゲッティンゲン大学の天文台長兼数学教授となる。 1793～94年整数論の諸問題に取り組み，1794年に最小二乗法を発見，1801年にガウスの最大の業績といわれる『整数論考究』を発表，同年最小二乗法を駆使して準惑星ケレスの軌道計算を行ない，これを再発見した。数学，天文学以外にも，物理学，測地学など多分野にわたって業績を残した。

ガウス
Gauss， Clarence Edward

[生]1887.1.12. アメリカ，ワシントンD.C.
[没]1960.4.
アメリカの外交官。 1906年国務省に入り，07年上海領事館に勤務。その後上海，天津，アモイ，済南，奉天の領事あるいは総領事を歴任。北京公使館顧問をつとめたのち，上海総領事，オーストラリア駐在公使を経て，41年2月中国駐在大使となった。第2次世界大戦中，当初は国民政府に同情的であったが，のち批判的になり，内政改革と国内統一を主張したが，44年 11月 J.スティルウェル将軍が解任されたのを不満として大使を辞任。 45年国務省を退官した。