...This is because the parts of the water that rotate at different speeds exert a force on each other in a direction that tries to make their speeds uniform due to viscosity. A fluid that has viscosity is called a viscous fluid, and a fluid that has no viscosity is called a perfect fluid, but all real fluids have more or less viscosity, except for liquid helium in a superfluid state. As shown in the figure, if a viscous fluid is sandwiched between two flat plates and the upper plate is moved to the right at a constant speed, a flow with a velocity gradient will be created. ... *Some terminology that mentions "viscous fluid" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…これは回転速度の異なる水の部分どうしが,粘性によって互いに速度を一様にしようとする向きに力を及ぼすためである。粘性を有する流体を粘性流体viscous fluid,粘性をもたない流体を完全流体というが,実在の流体は超流動状態の液体ヘリウムを除けば,多かれ少なかれ粘性をもっている。 図に示したように粘性をもつ流体を2枚の平板の間にはさみ,上の平板を一定の速度で右のほうへ移動させると,速度こう配をもった流れが生ずる。… ※「viscous fluid」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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