When a new volcano forms in a large depression in a caldera or crater, it refers to the outer volcanic body surrounding the depression. An outer crater may be made up of several volcanoes or may be a vast plateau of pyroclastic deposits. The outer crater of Mt. Vesuvius in Italy has long been called Somma, so outer craters are often also called Somma. A new volcano surrounded by outer craters is called a central cone. The outer crater of Mt. Aso is an example of the latter type, and is well known around the world for its vastness. [Akira Suwa and Setsya Nakata] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
カルデラまたは火口の大きな凹地中に新しい火山が生じている場合、凹地を取り囲む外側の火山体をいう。外輪山は複数の火山が集まってできている場合や、広大な火砕流堆積(たいせき)物の台地である場合もある。イタリアのベスビオ火山の外輪山が古くからソンマとよばれたので、しばしば外輪山のことをソンマともいう。外輪山に囲まれた新火山を中央火口丘とよぶ。阿蘇(あそ)山の外輪山は後者の例で、その広大さで世界によく知られる。 [諏訪 彰・中田節也] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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