Drilling a well from above the sea surface to below the seabed. Offshore drilling is most common and large-scale, but it is also used for preliminary geological surveys before digging an undersea tunnel, and is used to explore and develop oil resources buried under the seabed. Initially, oil resources were developed on land, but it was discovered that the area extended to the seabed. Methods of extracting oil from oil layers under the seabed by inclined drilling from the coast and extracting oil from wells from piers protruding above the sea surface gradually increased, and full-scale offshore drilling was established to develop oil resources deeper under the seabed in wider ocean areas. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
海面上から海底下に坑井を掘削すること。海底トンネルを掘る前の事前地質調査などにも応用されているが,海底下に埋蔵されている石油資源の探鉱・開発を目的とする海洋掘削が最も数が多く,また規模も大きい。当初陸域で開発されていた石油資源の埋蔵範囲が海底部にも延長していることがわかり,海岸からの傾斜掘りによる海底下の油層からの採油,海上部に突き出した桟橋からの坑井による採油などの方法がしだいに増え,さらに,より広い海域のより深い海底下の石油資源を開発すべく本格的な海洋掘削が確立されるに至っている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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