'Abd al-'Aziz (English spelling) Abdal Aziz

Japanese: ‘Abd al-‘Azīz(英語表記)AbdalAziz
'Abd al-'Aziz (English spelling) Abdal Aziz

...The main content of the sense of crisis in modern Islam was the sense of loss of the Islamic state (both in terms of institutions and ideology). It began with the fatwa (1803) by Shah Wali Ullah's son Abd al-'Aziz (1746-1824), who declared that India under British rule was a Dar al-Harb (House of War) that was no longer part of the Islamic world, and gradually became completely incurable through the process leading to the abolition of the caliphate during the Turkish Revolution (1924). The traditional structure of the ruling ideology was presented as a combination of Islamic law (Sharia) and Islamic mysticism, and the ulama and the religious community (Tariqa) ​​had functioned as channels for political and social integration, but this traditional system rapidly weakened and disintegrated.

From Shah Wali Ullah

…He aimed to purify Islamic thought, but he did not limit himself to Islamic theology and religious thought; he also criticized the social system of the time. He is considered the pioneer of modern Islamic thought in India, and after his death, his theories were inherited by his son, Shāh 'Abd al-'Azīz (1746-1824), who put them into practice. His ideas developed into the anti-British movement in the 19th century. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "'Abd al-'Aziz" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…近代のイスラムにおける危機感の主要な内容は,イスラム国家の喪失感(制度・思想の両面における)であったといえる。それは,シャー・ワリー・ウッラーの子アブド・アルアジーズ‘Abd al‐‘Azīz(1746‐1824)が,イギリス人支配下のインドは,もはやイスラム世界の範囲外にあるダール・アルハルブ(戦争の家)であると宣言したファトワー(1803)に始まって,トルコ革命下でのカリフ制廃止(1924)にまでいたる過程のなかで,しだいにまったく癒しがたいものとなっていった。伝統的支配イデオロギーの構造は,イスラム法(シャリーア)とイスラム神秘主義の複合として示され,ウラマーと教団(タリーカ)とが政治的・社会的統合のチャンネルとして機能してきたが,このような伝統的システムは急速に弱体化し分解していった。…

【シャー・ワリー・ウッラー】より

…彼はイスラムの思想の浄化を目ざしたが,単に,イスラム神学・宗教思想の面にとどまらず,当時の社会体制にまで批判を向けた。インドにおける近代イスラム思想の先駆者とみなされており,彼の死後,その理論は子のアブドゥル・アジーズShāh ‘Abd al‐‘Azīz(1746‐1824)に受け継がれ,実践に移された。彼の思想は19世紀に入って反英運動へと発展していった。…

※「‘Abd al-‘Azīz」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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