upaskuma

Japanese: upaskuma
upaskuma

...In the Edo period, it was called "Ezo Joruri" and was performed over many nights, but this lengthy "human yukar" has undergone many transformations, and there are now only a few people left who still preserve its original form.
[What is being said]
In Karafuto, upaskuma refers to a tale, but in Hokkaido it refers to words or tales that explain knowledge about the origins of things, such as those based on the teachings of ancestors or the legends related to place names, and is distinguished from other "things that are told." It often appears in yukar, and is often used as a guide for the protagonist's actions, with the line, "Because it is in upaskuma..."

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "upaskuma" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…江戸時代には〈蝦夷浄瑠璃〉などと呼ばれ,幾晩にもわたって語られたが,この長大な〈人間のユーカラ〉も変容を重ね,従来の形を保持している伝承者は数えるほどになってしまった。
[語られるもの]
 ウパシクマupaskumaは,樺太では説話のことをさすというが,北海道では先祖の遺訓をもとにしたものや,地名にまつわる伝承など,事物の由来や起源に関する知識を説明した言葉や説話をいい,他の〈語られるもの〉と区別している。ユーカラにもたびたび現れ,〈ウパシクマにあるから……〉と,主人公の行動の指針とされることも多い。…

※「upaskuma」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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>>:  upāsikā (English spelling) upasika

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