UFA

Japanese: UFA
UFA


[The Golden Age: From the Founding of UFA to Expressionist Film]
Unlike other European countries, German cinema, which had to become self-sufficient after the import of foreign films ceased, was invigorated and flourished by the war. With the active support of the military and the munitions industry trust for the purpose of war propaganda, UFA (Universum-Film AG) was founded in December 1917 by merging the leading production companies of the time. It came to dominate German cinema and determine its future direction. One of the characteristics of German cinema after the defeat of World War I was the influence of Expressionism in theater and art. Robert Wiene's "Dr. Caligari" (1919), Karl-Heinz Martin's "From Morning to Midnight" (1920), and Paul Leni's "The Secret of the Backstreets" (1924), which borrowed the expressionist style, not only established the international status of German cinema, but it was even said that these works marked the first time that "cinema" became "art."

*Some of the terminology that mentions "UFA" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[黄金時代――ウーファ社の設立から表現主義映画へ]
 外国映画の輸入がとだえて自給自足しなければならなかったドイツ映画は,他のヨーロッパ諸国とは反対に,戦争によってかえって活性化し盛んになった。戦争宣伝の目的のために軍部や軍需工業トラストの積極的な支援を受けて,1917年12月,当時の有力な製作会社を合併したウーファUFA(Universum‐Film AG)が設立され,ドイツ映画を支配するとともに,その後のドイツ映画の方向を決定づけることになった。 敗北に終わった第1次大戦後のドイツ映画の特色の一つは,演劇や美術における表現主義の影響で,その様式を借りたロベルト・ウィーネ監督《カリガリ博士》(1919),カール・ハインツ・マルティン監督《朝から夜中まで》(1920),パウル・レーニ監督《裏街の怪老窟》(1924)などがドイツ映画の国際的地位を確立したばかりでなく,これらの作品によって〈映画〉が初めて〈芸術〉になったとさえいわれた。…

※「UFA」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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