trans

Japanese: trans
trans

…The first examples of this type of isomer were fumaric acid and maleic acid, reported by JA Wislizenus in 1887. Maleic acid loses water easily when heated to become maleic anhydride, whereas fumaric acid does not lose water unless it is heated strongly, and the dehydration product is maleic anhydride. Therefore, isomers with two carboxyl groups on the same side of the double bond came to be called cis -cis isomers, and those on opposite sides trans- trans isomers. Unlike optical isomers, geometric or cis-trans isomers often have significant differences in physical and chemical properties between isomers, making it relatively easy to separate the two. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "trans" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…この種の異性体の最初の例は,J.A.ウィスリツェヌスが87年に報告したフマル酸とマレイン酸であった。マレイン酸は加熱すると容易に水を失って無水マレイン酸になるのに対して,フマル酸は強熱しない限り水を失わず,そのうえ脱水生成物は無水マレイン酸であることから,二つのカルボキシル基が二重結合の同じ側にくるものをシスcis型,反対側にくるものをトランスtrans型と呼ぶようになった。 幾何異性体ないしシス‐トランス異性体は光学異性体と異なり,異性体間の物理的・化学的性質に著しい差がある場合が多いため,両者を分離することは比較的容易である。…

※「trans」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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