"A group of people in harmony"

…In this era, religious authority and the world view were the targets of ridicule, but eventually the monarchy became the target, and in England cartoons with obscene phrases that dragged down the authority of the king were popular. In China, in 1465, the Ming Chenghua Emperor Zhu Jianshen left behind a cartoon called “A Group of Peaceful People,” based on the story of “The Three Smiles at Huxi,” in which followers of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism laughed and chatted with each other beyond the bounds of their doctrines. The invention of movable type printing by Gutenberg, combined with the critical spirit of the people, had a strong influence from the mid-15th century, creating an era in which cartoons with words were widely accepted. …

*Some of the terminology used in reference to "A Group of People in Harmony" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…この時代には宗教上の権威や世界像が笑いの的にされたが，やがて王権が的にされるようになり，イギリスでは王の権威を引きずりおろすわいせつな文句を書き連ねた漫画が盛んだった。中国では，1465年に明の成化帝朱見深が，儒教･道教･仏教の信奉者がたがいに教義を越えて談笑する〈虎渓三笑〉の故事にもとづいて《一団和気図》という，3人が集まって一つの顔をつくる漫画を残した。グーテンベルクによる活字印刷の発明は，民衆の批判精神と結びついて15世紀なかばから強い影響をもち，言葉つきの漫画が広く迎えられる時代をつくった。…

※「《一団和気図》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報