...The filmmakers who René Jeanne called the "French School" and Georges Sadoul called the "French Impressionists" created an era. Gance, who used innovative flashbacks to bring the images to life in "The White Rose of the Railroad" (1923), and "Napoleon" (1927), which played a "symphony" of images using a "triple écran" (three-sided screen), and Marcel L'Herbier, who attempted to create fresh images with stylized equipment, new lighting, the use of distorting lenses, and extreme soft focus in "El Dorado" (1921) and "Pascal the Vivian" (1925), were among his works. Representative examples of this include L'Herbier (1890-1979), Jean Epstein's Dripping Blood (1924) and The Descendants of the House of Usher (1928), in which he attempted to express poetry through slow-motion and double-exposure images, and Jacques Feydelle's The Spider Woman (1921), which left a vivid impression with its fantastical ``photogenie of the desert sands,'' and Thérèse Raquin (1928), which succeeded in ``delicate psychological portrayal.'' It was during this period that avant-garde film "waved the flag of non-commercialism and began to take on an agitator-like role" (Maurice Bessy) (see [Film] under "Avant-garde"). It was also during this period that film theory calling for "pure cinema" developed, but according to Sadoul's History of Cinema, it was during the 1920s that French film itself "had no international influence whatsoever" and fell into "a terrible corporate decadence." *Some of the terminology that mentions "L'Herbier, M." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ルネ・ジャンヌが〈フランス派〉と呼び,ジョルジュ・サドゥールが〈フランス印象派〉と名づけた映画作家たちが一時代をつくる。斬新なフラッシュ・バックによって映像を躍動させた《鉄路の白薔薇》(1923),あるいは〈トリプル・エクラン(三面スクリーン)〉によって映像の〈交響楽〉を奏でた《ナポレオン》(1927)などのガンス,装置の様式化,新しい照明,歪曲レンズの使用,極端なソフト・フォーカスなどによって新鮮な映像づくりを試みた《エル・ドラドオ》(1921),《生けるパスカル》(1925)などのマルセル・レルビエMarcel L’Herbier(1890‐1979),スロー・モーションや二重露出による映像で詩を表現しようとした《滴る血潮》(1924),《アッシャー家の末裔》(1928)のジャン・エプスタン,幻想的な映像による〈砂漠の砂のフォトジェニー〉で鮮烈な印象を与えた《女郎蜘蛛》(1921)や〈繊細な心理描写〉に成功した《テレーズ・ラカン》(1928)のジャック・フェデルらがその代表的存在であった。〈アバンギャルド映画〉が〈非商業主義の旗をかざして扇動者のごとき役割までも帯びはじめる〉(モーリス・ベッシー)のもこの時代であり(〈アバンギャルド〉の項の[映画]を参照),〈純粋映画〉を求める映画理論が発達するのもこの時代だが,サドゥール《世界映画史》によればフランス映画そのものは〈国際的影響力を少しももたず〉〈恐るべき企業的退廃〉におちいったのが20年代であった。… ※「L'Herbier,M.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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