…In America, a nation of immigrants, the loyalty of the people that supports national unity has always been unstable compared to other modern nations, because the object of loyalty of immigrants is often split and dual between their home country and the United States. The loyalty oath is the most commonly used examination system by the federal and state governments to require immigrants, naturalized citizens, civil servants, teachers, lawyers, and military personnel to pledge loyalty to the United States and strengthen national unity. As can be seen from the frequent use of loyalty oaths before and after the Revolutionary War, the Civil War, and World War I, the loyalty issue becomes most acute when the nation's survival is at stake. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "loyalty oath" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…〈移民の国〉アメリカでは,移民の忠誠の対象がしばしば母国と合衆国とに分裂し二重化するため,国家統合を支える国民の忠誠は,他の近代国家に比してつねに不安定であった。忠誠宣誓loyalty oathは,移民や帰化市民,あるいは公務員,教員,法律家,軍人などに合衆国への忠誠を誓わせ,国家統合を強化するために,連邦および州政府が最もふつうに用いてきた審査制度である。独立戦争,南北戦争,第1次世界大戦の前後に,忠誠宣誓が頻繁に行われたことからわかるように,忠誠問題は国家存亡の危機に当たって,最も先鋭な形をとる。… ※「loyalty oath」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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