Loyalty Board

...More recently, the loyalty screening system for federal civil servants, which was established by executive order of President Truman in 1947 at the beginning of the Cold War, with the main purpose of expelling communists from the federal government, is well known. This system took into consideration the civil liberties of civil servants to a certain extent, such as by establishing a Loyalty Review Board within the National Civil Service Commission as an appellate body above the Loyalty Boards of each ministry and agency. However, by examining not only actual subversive activities but also political party affiliation and friendships, it showed the danger of loyalty screening turning into an ideological investigation. Committee on Un-American Activities [Jun Furuya]. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Loyalty Board" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…最近では，冷戦初期の1947年，トルーマン大統領の行政命令により，連邦政府部内の共産主義者追放を主たる目的として始められた連邦公務員の忠誠審査制度が有名である。この制度は，各省庁の忠誠委員会Loyalty Boardの上に，上訴機関として国家公務員任用委員会の中に忠誠再審委員会Loyalty Review Boardを設けるなど，公務員の市民的自由にも一定の配慮を加えてはいたが，実際の破壊活動のみならず政党帰属や交友関係までも審査の対象とすることにより，忠誠審査が思想調査に転化する危険性を示したといえる。非米活動委員会【古矢 旬】。…

※「Loyalty Board」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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