Lateral fold lizard

Japanese: アシナシトカゲ - あしなしとかげ(英語表記)lateral fold lizard
Lateral fold lizard

A general term for lizards belonging to the family Anguidae in the order Squamata of the class Reptilia. Members of the same family Anguidae are snake-like with degenerated limbs, and were formerly known as snake lizards. Their entire bodies are covered with hard dermal plates, and their cylindrical, slender bodies have groove-like folds on both sides, which allow them to expand their bodies when swallowing large prey. Some lizards, such as the lesser legless lizard Anguis fragilis , have no limbs at all, although they retain traces of a pelvic and shoulder girdle. However, lizards are characterized by movable eyelids and ear holes, and their tails regenerate by autotomy. The European legless lizard Ophisaurus apodus , found from southeastern Europe to western Asia, is large, reaching a total length of 1.4 meters, and has vestigial hind limbs. Its closely-related species, found in South Asia and North America, are small, measuring about 30 cm in length, and are all ovoviviparous. The same group includes the North and South American alligator lizard genus Gerrhonotus , which has four limbs and some species that use their long tails to climb tall trees. The Central and South American genus Diploglossus also has four limbs, but other genera include terrestrial lizards with fin-like degenerate hind limbs.

[Takahiro Matsui]

[Reference] | Lizard
Major types of lizards (1) [specimen illustrations]
©Takahiro Matsui ">

Major types of lizards (1) [specimen illustrations]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

爬虫(はちゅう)綱有鱗目(ゆうりんもく)アシナシトカゲ科に属するトカゲの総称。同科Anguidaeの仲間は四肢が退化したヘビ型で、かつてはヘビトカゲの名称でよばれた。全身が硬い皮骨板で覆われ、円筒形で細長い胴の両側には溝状のひだがあり、大きな餌(えさ)を飲むときに胴を広げる役割を果たしている。ヒメアシナシトカゲAnguis fragilisのように腰帯、肩帯の痕跡(こんせき)を残すものの四肢をまったく欠くものもあるが、トカゲの特徴として、可動的な眼瞼(がんけん)と耳孔とがあり、尾は自切して再生する。ヨーロッパ南東部からアジア西部に分布するヨーロッパアシナシトカゲOphisaurus apodusは全長1.4メートルに達する大形で、痕跡的な後肢がある。本種の近縁種で南アジアや北アメリカに分布する種類は全長30センチメートルほどの小形で、すべて卵胎生である。同じグループに含まれる北・南アメリカ産のアリゲータートカゲ属Gerrhonotusは四肢を備え、長い尾を巻き付けて高い木に登るものもある。中央・南アメリカに分布するギャリウォスプ属Diploglossusも四肢があるが、他の属には地中性で後肢がひれ状に退化したものもある。

[松井孝爾]

[参照項目] | トカゲ
トカゲのおもな種類(1)〔標本画〕
©松井孝爾">

トカゲのおもな種類(1)〔標本画〕


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