Chin Hwǒn; Kyǒn Hwǒn

Japanese: 甄萱 - けんけん（英語表記）Chin Hwǒn; Kyǒn Hwǒn

[raw]?
[Died] Tenju 19 (936)
One of the powerful families in the final days of Unified Silla in Korea. Also read as "Shinken." According to the "Samguk Sagi," his surname was Yi, and he was from Sangju, but later changed his surname to Gyeon. In the 6th year of Queen Jinseong's reign (892), he raised his army and seized Mujinju as his base. Then in the 4th year of King Hyogong's reign (900), he gained independence and called himself "Later Baekje." Along with Gungye, who had power based in Songak (present-day Kaesong region), and Silla, which was on the verge of collapse, Baekje was in a three-way conflict. When Gyeonheon threatened Silla in the 4th year of King Gyeongmyeong's reign (920), the king of Silla sought the help of Gungye's successor, Wang Geon, who defeated Gyeonheon and saved Silla. However, in the 4th year of King Gyeongae's reign (927), Gyeonghyun attacked Gyeongju, the capital of Silla, and forced King Gyeongae to commit suicide. He then installed his puppet brother, Kim Chu, as king, and named him King Gyeongsun. In the 3rd year of King Gyeongsun's reign (929), Gyeonghyun fought against Wang Geon and was defeated. The following year, a civil war broke out over the issue of succession to the throne, and he was imprisoned by his eldest son, Shinken (Shinken), but he managed to escape and sought refuge with Wang Geon (932). Wang Geon welcomed Gyeonghyun to Kaesong, treated him as a nobleman, and gave Yangju as his fief. He then attacked Later Baekje in the 19th year of Cheonju's reign (936) and destroyed it.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]?
[没]天授19(936)
朝鮮，統一新羅末期の豪族の一人。「しんけん」とも読む。『三国史記』によれば，姓は李，尚州の出身でのちに甄姓に改めた。真聖女王6 (892) 年兵をあげ，武珍州を奪って根拠地とし，次いで孝恭王4 (900) 年独立して「後百済 (こうひゃくさい) 」と称し，松嶽 (現開城地方) に拠って勢力のある弓裔 (きゅうえい) ，滅亡直前の新羅と並んで3者対立の形態となった。景明王4 (920) 年甄萱が新羅に迫ると，新羅王は救いを弓裔の後継者王建に求め，王建は甄萱を破って新羅は事なきを得た。しかし景哀王4 (927) 年甄萱は新羅の首都慶州を襲い，景哀王を自殺させ，傀儡に族弟，金傅を立てて国王とした。すなわち敬順王である。敬順王3 (929) 年甄萱は王建と戦って敗北し，翌年王位継承問題で内乱が起って，長子の神剣 (しんけん) に幽閉されたが逃れて，王建に頼ることになった (932) 。王建は甄萱を開城に迎えて尚文の待遇をし楊州を食邑に与え，続いて天授 19 (936) 年，後百済を攻撃して滅ぼした。

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