…In 1794, Johann Gadolin of Finland discovered a new oxide in a mineral from Ytterby near Stockholm, Sweden, and named it ytterbia after the place of origin. Various elements, including yttrium, were found in ytterbia, and in 1878 Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac of Switzerland discovered a new element, which he named ytterbium. However, this was not actually a single element, and in 1905 F. von Welsbach of Austria and G. Urbain of France independently discovered that it was composed of two elements, one of which was ytterbium and the other lutetium. … [Gadolinium]... Periodic table Element symbol = Gd Atomic number = 64 Atomic weight = 157.25 ± 3 Abundance in the earth's crust = 5.4 ppm (40th place) Stable nuclide abundance ratio 152 Gd = 0.20%, 154 Gd = 2.15%, 155 Gd = 14.7%, 156 Gd = 20.47%, 157 Gd = 15.68%, 158 Gd = 24.9%, 160 Gd = 21.9% Melting point = 1312 ° C Boiling point = about 3000 ° C Specific gravity = 7.948 (α) Electron configuration = [Xe] 4f 7 5d 1 6s 2 Main oxidation number = III One of the lanthanides among the rare earth elements belonging to the IIIA group of the periodic table. In 1880, Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac of Switzerland discovered a new element different from samarium in samarskite, and in 1886 named it gadolinium in honor of Johann Gadolin, a Finnish researcher of rare earth elements. The main ores are xenotime, allanite, and tortovaitite. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Marignac, JCGde" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…1794年フィンランドのガドリンJohann Gadolinは,スウェーデンのストックホルム近郊イッテルビーYtterby産の鉱物から新しい酸化物を発見し,産地にちなんでイッテルビアとよんだ。イッテルビアからはイットリウムをはじめ各種の元素が見いだされたが,さらに1878年スイスのマリニャックJean Charles Galissard de Marignacは新元素を発見し,それをイッテルビウムとした。しかしこれも実は単一の元素ではなく,1905年オーストリアのF.vonウェルスバハとフランスのG.ユルバンがそれぞれ独立に,これが二つの元素からなることを明らかにし,その一つをイッテルビウム,他をルテチウムとした。… 【ガドリニウム】より…周期表元素記号=Gd 原子番号=64原子量=157.25±3地殻中の存在度=5.4ppm(40位)安定核種存在比 152Gd=0.20%,154Gd=2.15%,155Gd=14.7%,156Gd=20.47%,157Gd=15.68%,158Gd=24.9%,160Gd=21.9%融点=1312℃ 沸点=約3000℃比重=7.948(α)電子配置=[Xe]4f75d16s2 おもな酸化数=III周期表第IIIA族に属する希土類元素のうちのランタノイドの一つ。1880年スイスのマリニャックJean Charles Galissard de Marignacはサマルスキー石からサマリウムとは異なる新元素を発見し,希土類元素の研究者フィンランドのガドリンJohann Gadolinを記念して86年ガドリニウムと命名した。主要鉱石はゼノタイム,褐レン石,トルトバイタイトなど。… ※「Marignac,J.C.G.de」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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