mimos

Japanese: mimos
mimos

...The later classification of comedy of character and comedy of situation is also based on the weight of these two elements. In Rome, mimos plays, which mainly consist of mimicry, are included, but these can be said to be the prototypes of genres such as farce (farce), stoicism (stoicism), farce, clown play, and burlesque, which are less literary than so-called "comedy." In the Roman era, theater declined due to spectacles, and mimicry was suppressed with the spread of Christianity, so in the Middle Ages, only a few comedic forms remained in the form of street performances.

From Greek Literature

…Here we can clearly see the precursors of Hellenistic literature. In addition, at the courts of Alexander and the nobles, skits depicting the state of affairs of the world, called mimos, were frequently performed. The surviving mimos by Herondas (also called mimiambis) mimic the customs of men and women, reminiscences, love stories, etc. in a rather vulgar way. …

From [Pantomime]

...It is also simply called "mime", and translations and terms such as "silent drama" and "silent drama" are also used.
[Prehistory of pantomime]
The word pantomime can be traced back to its origins as a compound word of the ancient Greek words pantōs (all) and mimos (mimicry), pantomimos, which can be found in many ancient Greek documents. However, as is well known, such "mimicry" or what might be called "magical imitation" is an important component that can be found in almost all of the "primitive forms" of theater in general, and although it is true that in ancient Greece there was a type of entertainment-based gimmick (also called "mimos plays" in theater history) that focused on "mimicry," as expressed by the word mimos (or pantomimos) mentioned above, it cannot be said that it was an independent performing art genre that is related to today's pantomime, and in theater history, the origin of pantomime is usually traced back to the ancient Roman pantomimus.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "mimos" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…のちの性格喜劇comedy of characterと状況喜劇comedy of situationという分類法も,この二つの要素の比重によるのである。ローマには,身ぶり物まねを主体にするミモスmimos劇も入っているが,これはいわゆる〈喜劇〉より文学性の薄い笑劇(ファルス),痴呆劇(ソティ),茶番劇,道化劇,バーレスクなどのジャンルの原型といえよう。ローマ時代に見世物によって演劇が衰退し,キリスト教化によって身ぶり狂言も弾圧されると,中世にはわずかに大道芸のような形で喜劇的なものが残された。…

【ギリシア文学】より

…ここには明らかにヘレニズム文学の先触れが認められる。また,アレクサンドロスや諸侯の宮廷では,〈擬曲(ミモスmimos)〉と呼ばれる世情描写の寸劇が盛んに演じられた。現存するヘロンダスの《擬曲》(《ミミアンビ》とも呼ばれる)は,男女風俗,追想,恋物語などをかなり卑俗な形で模している。…

【パントマイム】より

…単に〈マイムmime〉ともいい,〈黙劇〉〈無言劇〉などの訳語・用語も用いられる。
[パントマイム前史]
 pantomimeという言葉は,その語源をさかのぼれば,古代ギリシア語のpantōs(すべて(に))とmimos(ものまね)の合成語pantomimosであり,この言葉自体は古代ギリシアの多くの文献に見ることができる。しかし,このような〈ものまね〉あるいは〈呪術的模倣所作〉とでも称すべきものは,周知のように,演劇一般の〈始源的形態〉にほぼ共通して見ることができる重要な一構成要素であり,そのようなものの一種として,古代ギリシアにおいては先のmimos(あるいはpantomimos)という言葉で表現される〈ものまね〉を中心とした座興的な雑芸(これを演劇史で〈ミモス劇〉などとも呼ぶ)が行われていたことは事実であるにせよ,それが今日のパントマイムに通じる一つの独立した芸能ジャンルであったとは言いがたく,演劇史では,ふつうパントマイムの起源を,古代ローマのパントミムスpantomimusに求めることが行われている。…

※「mimos」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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