Mnouchkine, A.

Japanese: Mnouchkine,A.(英語表記)MnouchkineA
Mnouchkine, A.

…Wagner's Festspielhaus imitated the tiered seating of the ancient Greek theater, a place of festive union, and attempted to negate such "audience theatre" by plunging the auditorium into darkness. The polymorphous relationships mentioned above are also connected to the theatrical experience of outdoor market spectacles, and Ariane Mnouchkine's (1939-) Théâtre du Soleil utilized them in productions such as "1789" (1970), using the spacious space of an ammunition storehouse. On the other hand, the form in which the performance literally surrounds the audience in an aggressive manner, which A. Artaud argued was an element of theatre of cruelty, is already a destruction of the act of watching itself, and seeks to transform theatre into a magical "act." …

From the Solar Theatre Company

…A French avant-garde theater company founded in 1964 with the aim of exploring new forms of acting and equal rights for theater performers. The female director Ariane Mnouchkine is at the center of its activities. She was born in France in 1939 to a film producer, and studied psychology at Oxford University. …

From [French Theatre]

...Also, since the main actors in theatrical productions are performers who bet on their own physicality, the method of "collective production" was considered, eliminating the dictatorial director. The most organized embodiment of these claims was Ariane Mnouchkine's (1939-) Théâtre du Soleil (whose greatest theatrical achievement was 1789, 1970), and the same horizon is also seen in the Nancy Youth Theater Festival, which has come into the spotlight as an avant-garde festival. The "1968 type of theater" exploded fundamental questions about theater, diversifying and internationalizing its ideas and work.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Mnouchkine, A." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…そのような〈客席の芝居〉を,ワーグナーの祝祭劇場は,祝祭的合体の場であった古代ギリシアの劇場の階段状座席を模し,さらに客席を闇に沈めることで否定しようとした。先に触れた多型的な関係は,市(いち)の露天の見世物の演劇体験にも通じるものであるが,それをたとえばムヌーシュキンAriane Mnouchkine(1939‐ )の太陽劇団は,《1789年》(1970)などで,広い弾薬庫の空間を使って活用してみせた。逆に,A.アルトーが残酷演劇の一要素として主張した,文字どおりに演戯が攻撃的に観客を取り囲む形は,もはや見ること自体の破壊であり,演劇を呪術的な〈行為〉に変貌させようとする。…

【太陽劇団】より

…1964年に新しい演技の探求と劇団員の平等の権利を目ざして結成されたフランスの前衛劇団。女流演出家ムヌーシュキンAriane Mnouchkineが活動の中心となっている。彼女は1939年,映画プロデューサーを父として,フランスに生まれ,オックスフォード大学で心理学を専攻した。…

【フランス演劇】より

…また演劇作業の主要な担い手が自らの身体性に賭ける演戯者である以上,独裁的演出家を廃して〈集団制作〉の方法が考えられた。これらの主張を最も組織的に体現したのはムヌーシュキンAriane Mnouchkine(1939‐ )の〈太陽劇団〉(最大の舞台成果は《1789年》1970)であり,ナンシー国際青年演劇祭が前衛フェスティバルとして脚光を浴びるのも同じ地平である。〈68年型演劇〉は,演劇についての基本的な問いを炸裂させ,その発想や作業を多様化し国際化した。…

※「Mnouchkine,A.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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