Modern Hebrew

Japanese: Modern Hebrew(英語表記)ModernHebrew
Modern Hebrew

…After the 13th century, Hebrew as a written language declined due to persecution of Jews, but the Enlightenment movement in Europe in the 18th century turned Jews to Biblical Hebrew, which sparked its revival as the everyday language of Jews living in Palestine through the dedicated efforts of E. Ben Yehuda (1858-1922). After the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, Modern Hebrew (Ivrit) became one of the official languages ​​of the state, along with Arabic, and is now the first language of many Israeli citizens, including non-Jews.
[Features]
According to the Tiberian system, Biblical Hebrew has 23 consonants, losing the Proto-Semitic contrasts of z:, š:ṯ, ṣ:ḍ:ẓ, ḥ:ḫ, c :ġ.

*Some of the glossaries that refer to "Modern Hebrew" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…13世紀以後ユダヤ教徒に対する迫害のゆえに文語としてもヘブライ語は衰退の道をたどったが,18世紀のヨーロッパに起こった啓蒙運動はユダヤ人の目を聖書ヘブライ語に向かわせ,これが口火となり,E.ベン・イェフーダ(1858‐1922)の献身的努力によって,ヘブライ語はパレスティナ在住のユダヤ人の日常言語として,しだいに復活していった。この現代ヘブライ語Modern Hebrew(イブリトIvrit)は,1948年のイスラエル建国後は,アラビア語とともにその公用語とされ,今では非ユダヤ教徒をも含めた多くのイスラエル国民の第一言語となっている。
[特徴]
 ティベリア式訓点によれば,聖書ヘブライ語の子音は,セム祖語におけるz:,š:ṯ,ṣ:ḍ:ẓ,ḥ:ḫ,c:ġの対立を失って,23個を数える。…

※「Modern Hebrew」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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