Modus

Japanese: modus
Modus

...However, there are some specific uses, such as the view of Tanabe Hisao that Japanese music has seven notes in its scales and five notes in its modes, with the necessary notes being selected from the basic seven-tone scale, and the view of Matsumoto Taminosuke that Japanese music does not have scales, and that all music is just modes linked to idiomatic expressions.
[Western]
The theoretical term modus, derived from the Western Medieval modus, includes modus of rhythm and modus of scale, the latter of which corresponds to mode. In the Western scale, there is a tonic note at each degree of the diatonic scale, so theoretically there are seven modes, as well as authentic modes, in which the tonic note coincides with the first degree, and plagal modes, in which the tonic note does not coincide with the first degree.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "modus" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ただ特定の使い方としては,田辺尚雄のように日本音楽の音階を7音とし,旋法を5音とし,基本の7音音階から必要な音を選び出す考え方や,松本民之助のように日本音楽には音階は存在せず,すべて慣用句に結びついた旋法であるとする立場などがある。
[西洋]
 西洋中世のモードゥスmodusから発する理論用語は,リズムのモードゥスと音階のモードゥスとがあり,旋法にあたるものは後者である。西洋の音階では全音階の各度に主音がくるので理論上7個の旋法があり,また主音を第1度と一致させる正格旋法や,一致しない変格旋法がある。…

※「modus」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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