Body weight. Measured with a scale. Units of kg or pound are often used. Weight fluctuates throughout the day and changes depending on food intake, excretion, and other factors. The average weight for a newborn is approximately 3 kg, and generally, the greater the deviation from this, the higher the infant mortality rate. Weight increases with growth, but increases rapidly especially in the first 2 years of life and in the second 12-16 years of age. Weight does not necessarily increase in parallel with height, and is sometimes considered to be divided into a growth period (height increases) and a maturation period (weight increases). Weight gain or loss is often used as a barometer of health. The relationship between weight and body surface area is thought to be linked to adaptation to climate. In general, races and ethnicities from hotter regions have a larger body surface area relative to weight (thinner and taller), while people from colder regions have a smaller body surface area relative to weight (fat and rounder). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
体の重さ。体重計で測定する。単位として kgまたはポンドを用いることが多い。体重は1日の間にも変動がみられ,食物摂取,排泄などの条件により変化する。新生児の平均値はほぼ 3kgであり,一般にこれから大きくはずれた値をとる個体ほど幼児期の死亡率が高くなる。体重は成長に伴い増加するが,特に生後1~2年と 12~16歳の時期に急速に増加する。身長の増加とは必ずしも並行せず,伸長期 (身長が増加) と充実期 (体重が増加) とに分けて考える場合がある。体重の増減は健康状態のバロメータとして利用されることが多い。体重と体表面積との関係は気候への適応と結びつけて考えられている。一般に暑い地方の人種,民族ほど体重に対し体表面積が大 (やせて背が高い) で,寒冷地の人は体重に対する体表面積が小 (太って丸型) である。
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