…An accessory is someone who makes it easier for the principal to commit a crime, and the content of the act includes not only physical assistance such as supplying weapons and funds, but also psychological assistance such as advice and encouragement. However, since an act that creates a new determination to commit a crime is instigation (Article 61), aiding by psychological means is limited to cases where it strengthens the criminal intent of a person who already has a criminal determination (omnimodo facturus). According to the prevailing view, a person who commits an act that meets the elements of a crime is a (joint) principal, and an accessory is someone who contributes in a way other than the act of committing a crime, but in case law, a person who does not share in the act of committing a crime can also be a co-principal by participating in the conspiracy to commit a crime (conspiracy joint principal). Therefore, for example, a person who provides a floor plan or a duplicate key to the victim's house or a person who acts as a lookout when committing a burglary or robbery can still be punished as a co-principal (Article 60) rather than an accessory. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "omnimodo facturus" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…従犯とは,正犯者の犯罪実行を容易にする者であるが,その行為内容は,凶器や資金の供給などの物理的援助のみでなく,助言や激励などの心理的援助をも含む。しかし,新たに犯罪の決意を生ぜしめる行為は教唆犯(61条)となるから,心理的方法による幇助は,すでに犯罪的決意を有する者omnimodo facturusの犯意を強化する場合に限られることになる。通説によれば,構成要件に該当する実行行為を行う者は(共同)正犯であり,従犯とは,実行行為以外の方法による加功をいうが,判例上は,実行行為を分担しない者も,犯罪の共謀への加担によって共同正犯たりうるとされている(共謀共同正犯)ため,例えば,侵入窃盗・強盗の実行に際して,被害者宅の見取図,合鍵を調達した者,あるいは,見張りを務めた者などであっても,従犯ではなく,なお共同正犯(60条)として処罰されうることになる。… ※「omnimodo facturus」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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