orbiting observatory

... Furthermore, in the second half of the 20th century, with the development of radio astronomy, the construction of radio telescopes was promoted in various places, and several so-called radio astronomy observatories, which mainly observe radio waves, were built. From the 1970s onwards, orbiting observatories, which loaded telescopes and measuring instruments onto artificial celestial bodies, were realized, and they achieved great results, especially in observations of ultraviolet, X-ray and infrared wavelengths that cannot be observed from the ground. From the mid-1980s, the space shuttle finally went into service, and astronomical observations in outer space became full-scale. ...

*Some of the terminology that refers to "orbiting observatory" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…　さらに20世紀の後半に入ってからは，電波天文学の発展に伴って，電波望遠鏡の建造が各地で進められ，電波観測を主とするいわゆる電波天文台もいくつか建設されている。1970年代以降には，人工天体に望遠鏡や測定器を積み込んだ空飛ぶ天文台orbiting observatoryが実現し，とくに地上からは観測できない紫外線やX線および赤外線の波長域での観測に大きい成果をあげるようになった。80年代の半ばからはいよいよスペースシャトルが就航し，宇宙空間での天体観測が本格化する。…

※「orbiting observatory」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報