l'organisme social (English)

...Saint-Simon saw society as not just a collection of individuals, but as an integrated living whole, and proposed social physiology, which studies it empirically. His student Comte coined the term l'organisme social, and argued that society is a transpersonal entity by analogy with living organisms and their constituent cells. He established social statics as the anatomical and physiological study of society, and social dynamics as the study of social growth. It was Spencer who provided the justification for the theory of social organism and popularized it internationally. He asserted that "society is an organism" because living organisms and societies are different from inorganic bodies in that they naturally increase in quantity over time, and their structures and functions become differentiated and heterogeneous while they strengthen their interdependence and progress in the integration of the whole, and proposed the Darwinian theory of social evolution. ...

*Some of the terminology that refers to "l'organisme social" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…サン･シモンは社会を諸個人の単なる集合でなく一つの統合された生きた全体とみ，これを実証的に研究する社会生理学を提唱。その弟子コントは社会有機体l’organisme socialの語を創始し，生物と構成要素の細胞との類比によって社会を超個人的実在であると説き，社会の解剖学的･生理学的研究として社会静学，社会の成長の研究として社会動学を設けた。社会有機体説を論拠づけ国際的に普及させたのはスペンサーで，彼は生物も社会も無機体と異なり，時の経過につれて量が自然に増し，構造と機能とが分化･異質化しつつ，相互依存を強めて全体の統合が進むという共通点があることから〈社会は有機体であるA society is an organism〉と断定し，ダーウィン的な社会進化論を提起した。…

※「l'organisme social」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報