Pala d'oro (English spelling)

Japanese: Pala d'oro（英語表記）Paladoro

...It is a type of screen (made of wood, metal, or stone) decorated with paintings or sculptures, originally a simple vertical or horizontal rectangle. The famous Pala d'oro (St. Mark's Cathedral, Venice) is a screen made of many enamel panels joined together between the 10th and 14th centuries. In the Gothic period, they took on more complex shapes, with spires and gables added to the top in accordance with architectural styles, and sometimes a predella (Italian) was added to the base (as in Duccio di Buoninsegna's Maestà (Majestic Madonna) (1311)).

From St. Mark's Basilica

...These paintings, which deal with themes such as "Pente Descent," "Ascension," "Christ Emmanuel" (in the three vaults on the main axis of the church), "The Gospel of John," "The Entry of the Relic" (in the transepts), "The Old Testament" (in the narthex), "Miracles," "Passion," and "Resurrection," are of great value in the history of art as they correspond to the stylistic development of Eastern mosaic art. The Pala d'oro (meaning "Golden Screen"), which decorates the back of the high altar, is a dazzling decorative panel (2.12m high, 3.34m wide) made of intricately carved gold panels inlaid with approximately 2,000 jewels and 137 pieces of enamel (inlaid colored glass work), and is a treasure of Byzantine solemn art and crafts that pursues the effects of light and color in holy images. [Kenichiro Hidaka]...

From [Shippo]

…In the Byzantine Empire, enamel cloisonné, which is said to have been introduced from Iran, was the main method, and the base metal was usually gold (silver and copper were sometimes used), and cloisonné was used to decorate crosses, chalices, reliquaries, etc. A representative example is the Pala d'oro (1105, 2.1m x 3.5m) now in St. Mark's Basilica in Venice. …

From Byzantine Art

...Due to the decorative effect of the brilliant colors, it was widely used in the decoration of the Byzantine court, which also favored extravagant beauty, such as precious crosses, reliquaries, and sacristies in churches. Many Byzantine cloisonnés are preserved in St. Mark's Basilica in Venice, and the most representative example is the altarpiece called the Pala d'oro (made in Constantinople at the end of the 10th century and restored in 1105).

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Pala d'oro" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これは絵画または彫刻で飾った一種のついたて(木，金属あるいは石製)で，最初は単純な縦長あるいは横長の長方形であった。有名な〈パラ･ドーロpala d’oro〉(ベネチア，サン･マルコ大聖堂)は10～14世紀に作られた多数のエナメル板をつないでついたてに仕立てたものである。ゴシック時代に入ると，建築様式にのっとって，尖塔や破風などを上にのせて複雑な形状をとるようになり，基部にはプレデラpredella(イタリア語)が付加されることもある(ドゥッチョ･ディ･ブオニンセーニャの《マエスタ(荘厳の聖母)》(1311)など)。…

【サン･マルコ大聖堂】より

…これらは〈聖霊降臨〉〈昇天〉〈キリスト･エマヌエル〉(聖堂主軸の3円蓋)，〈ヨハネ伝〉〈聖遺体の搬入〉(翼廊部)，〈旧約伝〉(ナルテックス)，〈奇跡〉〈受難〉〈復活〉などの画題を扱い，東方モザイク美術の様式発展と呼応した作品群として美術史上貴重である。主祭壇背後を飾るパラ･ドーロPala d’oro(黄金の障壁の意)は，細工を施した金板に約2000の宝石と137のエマイユ(象嵌色ガラス細工)をはめ込んだけんらんたる装飾パネル(高さ2.12m，幅3.34m)で，光と色彩の効果を聖画像のなかに追求したビザンティン荘厳美術工芸の至宝である。【日高健一郎】。…

【七宝】より

…ビザンティン帝国では，イランから導入されたといわれるエマイユ･クロアゾンネが中心をなし，地金は通常金で(ときには銀と銅も用いられた)，十字架，聖杯，聖遺物箱などの装飾に七宝が用いられた。代表的遺例は，現在ベネチアのサン･マルコ大聖堂にある〈パラ･ドーロpala d’oro〉(1105。2.1m×3.5m)である。…

【ビザンティン美術】より

…はなやかな色彩による装飾的効果のために，教会の貴重な十字架，聖遺物箱，祭具など，さらにぜいたくな美を好むビザンティン宮廷の装飾品にも用いられて大いに発達した。ベネチアのサン･マルコ大聖堂にはビザンティンの七宝が数多く保存されるが，なかでも《パラ･ドーロpala d’oro》とよばれる祭壇(10世紀末にコンスタンティノープルで制作。1105修復)はその代表的な作品である。…

※「Pala d'oro」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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