...Enzymes have thus come to have a deep connection with humanity as an indispensable part of everyday life, but their existence and true nature were only recognized recently, just a few hundred years ago. From [Diastase]…the name given to the enzyme that breaks down starch, isolated in 1833 from malt by the French men Anselm Payen (1795-1871) and Jean François Persoz (1805-68). Its main component is amylase, which breaks down amylose. … From [Cellulose]…Cellulose is the most abundant organic compound in nature, probably accounting for one-third of all plant matter in the world. It was named cellulose in 1838 by the Frenchman Anselme Payen (1795-1871) as the sugar that makes up the cell walls of higher plants. Cellulose has been used for clothing since ancient times, but attempts to use it industrially began with modern industry. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Payen, A." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 酵素はこのようにして,日常生活に不可欠な存在として人類と深いかかわりをもってきたのであるが,その存在と実体が認識されたのは,近々,わずか数百年前のことであった。 【ジアスターゼ】より…デンプンを分解する酵素に用いられた名称で,1833年に,フランスのパヤンAnselm Payen(1795‐1871)とペルソJean François Persoz(1805‐68)によって麦芽から分離された。主成分はアミロースを分解するアミラーゼである。… 【セルロース】より…セルロースは自然界で最大量の有機化合物であり,おそらく世界中の全植物質の1/3を占めるだろう。セルロースの命名は,1838年フランスのパヤンAnselme Payen(1795‐1871)によって,高等植物の細胞(セル)壁を構造する糖の意味でなされた。セルロースは古来衣類に用いられてきたが,工業的に利用しようという試みは近代工業とともに興った。… ※「Payen,A.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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