Pogranichnye voiska (English spelling) Pogranichnye voiska

...The latter is common in former communist countries, and usually has the main task of monitoring smuggling and illegal immigration, but in times of war, it participates in combat alongside the military. A typical example is the former Soviet Union's border guards, Pogranichnye voiska, which had about 200,000 troops as of 1980 and was tasked with maintaining waterways within territorial waters and protecting fish and biological resources in addition to regular border patrols. Founded in 1918, the border guards were under the command of the Committee for State Security of the Soviet Union (KGB) and the Main Directorate of the Border Troops, and participated in combats such as the civil war after the revolution, the Nomonhan Incident, and World War II.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Pogranichnye voiska" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…後者はかつての共産圏諸国で一般的で，通常，密輸出入，密出入国の監視などを主任務とするが，戦時には軍隊とともに戦闘に参加する。この典型が旧ソ連の国境警備隊Pogranichnye voiskaで，1980年現在兵力約20万をもち，通常の国境警備のほか領海内の水路保持，魚類生物資源の保護までも任務としていた。国境警備隊は1918年に創設され，ソ連邦国家保安委員会(KGB)と同国境軍総局から指揮を受けており，革命後の内乱，ノモンハン事件，第2次世界大戦などの戦闘にも参加してきた。…

※「Pogranichnye voiska」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報