...It is theoretically derived from the Navier-Stokes equations assuming that the flow is parallel to the pipe axis, satisfies the adhesion condition at the wall, and follows Newton's law of viscosity, but it was first experimentally discovered independently in 1839 by Gotthilf Hagen (1793-1884) of Germany and in 1840 by Jean Léonhard Poiseuille (1797 or 1799-1869) of France. The flow in this case is an orderly flow (laminar flow) with a parabolic velocity distribution given by u = δ p ( a 2 - r 2 )/4μ l , where r is the radial distance from the pipe axis, and is called Poiseuille flow. However, the assumed conditions are violated at the pipe mouth, in bent pipes, or in rarefied gases. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "Poiseuille flow" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…流れが管軸に平行で壁での粘着条件を満足し,ニュートンの粘性法則に従うものとしてナビエ=ストークスの方程式から理論的に導かれるが,最初は1839年にドイツのハーゲンGotthilf Hagen(1793‐1884),40年にフランスのポアズイユJean Léonhard Poiseuille(1797または99‐1869)によってそれぞれ独立に実験的に見いだされた。このときの流れは,管軸からの半径方向の距離をrとすると,u=δp(a2-r2)/4μlで与えられる放物形の速度分布をもつ整然とした流れ(層流)で,ポアズイユの流れPoiseuille flowと呼ばれる。ただし管口や曲管あるいは希薄気体では仮定された条件が破れる。… ※「Poiseuille flow」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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