Gallia Belgica

Japanese: ガリア・ベルギカ - がりあべるぎか
Gallia Belgica


【history】

[Ancient and Middle Ages]
Until it gained independence at the end of the 16th century, the Netherlands was part of the Netherlands, which includes today's Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of northern France, and shared a history with these regions. In the middle of the 1st century BC, the Roman army led by Julius Caesar defeated the Belgae and conquered the area south of the Rhine to form the province of Gallia Belgica. They then attempted to cross the Rhine and rule the entire Netherlands, but were unsuccessful because they were blocked by Germanic tribes such as the Batavians, the Kanninefaten, and the Friesen who lived north of the Rhine. During the Great Migration of the Germanic peoples from the 3rd century onwards, the Frisians continued to live in the coastal areas, the Saxons advanced from the northeast to the line of the IJssel, and the Franks invaded the area south of the Rhine, gradually expanding their influence.

From Belgae

…Caesar speaks of the Belgae's bravery, but they lacked unity among the tribes, and in 57 BC Caesar almost conquered them. In 52 BC the most warlike tribe, the Bellovaci, was pacified, and they gradually became Romanized. Under Augustus, the area became the imperial province of Gallia Belgica, and under Domitian the two provinces of Upper and Lower Germania were separated from it. Diocletian reorganized the empire into two provinces, Belgica Prima and Belgica Secunda. In 75 BC and during Caesar's conquest of Gaul, some of the Belgae crossed into southern England, where they resisted the Roman invasion of Britain, led by the Catuvellauni tribe. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Gallia Belgica" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


【歴史】

[古代,中世]
 オランダは16世紀末に独立するまで,今日のベルギー,ルクセンブルク,北フランスの一部を含むネーデルラントの一部をなし,これらの地方とほぼ共通の歴史をもった。 前1世紀の中葉,ユリウス・カエサルの率いるローマ軍はベルガエ人を破り,ライン川以南の地域を征服して属州ガリア・ベルギカGallia Belgicaとし,さらにライン川を越えて全ネーデルラントを支配しようとしたが,ライン川北方に住むバタウィ人Bataven,カンニネファート人Kanninefaten,フリーシー人Friezenなどのゲルマン系諸部族にさえぎられて成功しなかった。3世紀以降のゲルマン民族大移動期において,フリーシー人は沿岸地域に居住し続け,ザクセン(サクソン)人は北東部からエイセル川の線まで進出し,またフランク人はライン川の南部地方に侵入し,徐々に勢力を拡大した。…

【ベルガエ】より

…カエサルはベルガエの豪勇を伝えているが,諸部族間の統合を欠き,前57年カエサルによってほぼ征服され,前52年最も好戦的なベロウァキ族Bellovaciも平定されて,以後はしだいにローマ化した。アウグストゥス治下,この地は皇帝管轄属州ガリア・ベルギカGallia Belgicaとなり,ドミティアヌス治下にそこから上・下両ゲルマニア州が分離,さらにディオクレティアヌスの帝国再編でベルギカ・プリマBelgica Primaとベルギカ・セクンダBelgica Secundaの2州に分かれた。また,ベルガエの一部は前75年ころおよびカエサルのガリア征服の際,イングランド南部に渡り,カトゥウェラウニ族Catuvellauniを中心にローマのブリタニア侵略に抵抗した。…

※「ガリア・ベルギカ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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