Roberts, JM

...Cultural anthropology has made a major contribution to this field, and has actively studied the position and meaning of play (play as a "choose" in the Durkheimian sense) in the cultural systems of primitive and traditional societies. Today, as seen in JM Roberts and others, the definition of the relationship between play and culture has produced a new form of statistical discussion of the correlation between play and other cultural elements. The 19th and 20th centuries, which produced a wide variety of play theories, were unique periods in the history of play theory, but this is not unrelated to the fact that games gained a certain degree of citizenship due to the change in the view of children's play that occurred in the 18th century and the legalization of adult play under capitalist ethics (official recognition of play as long as it benefits labor as a form of reproduction of human power). ...

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Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…この領域に大きく寄与したのは文化人類学で，未開社会と伝統的社会の文化体系の中で遊戯(デュルケーム的意味での〈物chose〉としての遊戯)が占める位置と意味とが盛んに研究された。今日では，遊戯と文化の関係規定はロバーツJ.M.Robertsらにみるように，遊戯と他の文化要素との相関関係を統計学的に論じる新しい形を生み出している。　多彩な遊戯論が輩出した19,20世紀は，遊戯論史上例をみない特異な時代となったが，それは，18世紀におこった子どもの遊戯観の変化と資本主義的倫理の下でのおとなの遊びの合法化(人力の再生産として労働に益するかぎりでの遊戯の公認)とにより，遊戯が一応の市民権を得たことと無縁ではない。…

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