rujū' (English spelling) ruju

Japanese: rujū‘(英語表記)ruju
rujū' (English spelling) ruju

...Thus, various small sects that worshipped Imam Mahdi emerged in early Shiite Islam. These sects recognized Ali and his descendants as charismatic imams who were infallible and infallible, and became esoteric teachings that the Prophet had given Ali the secret teachings, which were then transmitted to successive imams. They were accompanied by oriental religious ideas such as the theory that God appeared in the Imam, that the Imam had not died but would return (rujū') as the Mahdi (Messiah) in hiding (ghayba), and that the Imam was the light of light. Ali became a kind of hero-god. ...

From [Mahdi]

...After the rebellion was put down and Muhammad died in 700, some members of the Kaysanid sect preached that Muhammad was not dead, but had only disappeared for a time, and would return to earth to bring about justice and righteousness. This was the beginning of the Shiite hidden messianic idea, characterized by the "hiddenness" (ghayba) and second coming (rujū') of the Imam, the Mahdi. With the political turmoil at the end of the Umayyad dynasty, messianic ideas spread among the people, and the Abbasid revolution was successful in part because of the skillful use of this idea. The messianic ideas are reflected in the rakabs (caliph names) of the first three Abbasid caliphs, Safaf, Mansur, and Mahdi.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "rujū'" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…こうして,イマーム・マフディーを奉じた群小諸派が初期シーア派に現れた。これらはアリーとその子孫を,カリスマをもつイマームとして無垢無謬と認め,預言者から秘義がアリーに授けられ,これが代々のイマームに秘伝されたとする秘教となって,神がイマームに顕現するとする説,イマームが死んだのでなく〈隠れ(ガイバghayba)〉てマフディー(メシア)として再臨(ルジューウrujū‘)するとする説,イマームの光明説,などオリエント的宗教観念を伴った。アリーは一種の英雄神に近づいた。…

【マフディー】より

…反乱が鎮定され,ムハンマドが700年に没すると,カイサーン派の一部の者はムハンマドは死んだのではなく,一時姿を隠しているにすぎず,やがて地上に再臨して正義と公正とを実現すると説いた。これが,マフディーであるイマームの〈隠れ〉(ガイバghayba)と再臨(ルジューウrujū‘)を特徴とする,シーア派独特の隠れメシア思想の始まりである。 ウマイヤ朝末期の政治の混乱とともに,人々の間にメシア思想が広がったが,それを巧みに利用したことがアッバース朝革命の成功の理由の一つに挙げられ,サッファーフ,マンスール,マフディーというアッバース朝最初の3代のカリフのラカブ(カリフ名)にはメシア思想が反映されている。…

※「rujū‘」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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