A type of hotpot dish. The name oden is an abbreviation of "Odengaku," which originates from dengaku. During rice planting season, people pray for a good harvest by wearing white hakama and red, yellow, and blue tops, and perform the dengaku dance with sticks called heron feet attached to the soles of their feet. The appearance of the white hakama, the tops, and the heron feet resembles a dish of white tofu with miso in a different color, so the dish was named after dengaku, and the original dance was forgotten. In the old days, dengaku sometimes involved dipping grilled tofu in miso. When konnyaku was used instead of tofu, it was boiled. From the mid-Edo period, tofu dengaku was used at outdoor banquets, and dengaku from Megawa, Ritto City, Shiga Prefecture, which does not crumble easily, was introduced to suit this. At that time, the dengaku skewer had three prongs at the end. Nowadays, two skewers are used nationwide, but in parts of Nagoya and Gifu, three skewers remain. The name oden comes from adding the character "o" to dengaku to form "o-dengaku," and then dropping the "raku" to form "oden." Stewed oden using miso can be seen in the late Edo period, but oden stewed in soy sauce-flavored broth is a product of the Meiji period. Oden ingredients used to be tofu, ganmodoki, konnyaku, hanpen, potatoes, daikon radish, etc., but nowadays they are mostly animal-based. In the middle of the Taisho era, what was introduced in Kansai under the name "Kanto daki" was made by adding boiled ingredients to chicken stock, which made it a beautiful dish, and it was then imported back to Kanto, and became popular nationwide. An example of a local dish is Tokushima's "dekomawasude," which is skewered taro dipped in miso and grilled. Because it is hot, the skewer is turned while breathing on it, which resembles the manipulation of an Awa puppet, hence the name. [Tetsunosuke Tada] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
鍋(なべ)料理の一種。おでんの名称は「おでんがく」の略語で、その語源は田楽(でんがく)である。田植どきに豊作を祈念して白い袴(はかま)に赤、黄、青など色変わりの上衣を着用し、足先に鷺(さぎ)足と称する棒をつけて田楽舞を行った。このときの白袴に色変わりの上衣、鷺足の姿が、白い豆腐に色変わりのみそをつけた料理に似ているので、田楽のようだといったのがこの料理の名称となり、本来の舞のほうは忘れ去られた。 古いころの田楽は焼き豆腐にみそをつけるものもあった。こんにゃくが豆腐のかわりに使われる場合はゆでて用いていた。江戸中期から、野外宴会などに豆腐田楽が用いられたが、これに適するため滋賀県栗東(りっとう)市目川(めがわ)の崩れにくい田楽が導入された。当時の田楽串(くし)は先が3本に分かれていた。いまは全国的に2本串になっているが、名古屋、岐阜の一部に3本串が残っている。おでんの呼称は、田楽におの字をつけて「お田楽」となり、楽がとれて「おでん」となったものである。みそを用いての煮込みおでんは江戸後期にみられるが、しょうゆ味のだし汁で煮込んだおでんは明治の産物である。 おでん種(だね)は、豆腐、がんもどき、こんにゃく、はんぺん、イモ、ダイコンなどであったのが、いまは動物性材料が多くなっている。大正の中ごろ、関西で「関東煮(だき)」の名で紹介されたものは、鶏のだし汁に下煮をした種を加えるのできれいな料理になって、関東に逆移入され、全国的にこの形態になった。郷土色のあるものでは、徳島の「でこまわすで」とよばれる、串刺しのサトイモにみそをつけて焼く田楽がある。熱いので息をかけながら串を回して食べるようすが、阿波(あわ)人形を操るのに似ているのでこの名がある。 [多田鉄之助] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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